Hello

My car suddenly stopped running on all cylinders - thats my hypothesis anyway. The car is from 2000 and has driven 338,000km (210,023 miles) and had power to it before this.

I have tested the following
- Checked VAG-COM (no errors)
- Checked timing belt and timing
- Checked injector pump and its timing
- Checked fuel pump
- Various hoses
- Checked camshafts

Considering the camshafts, I clearly see that they have grinded about 0.5mm. Is that sufficient to make this happen this suddenly? can it be the injectors? does injectors on these cars fail suddenly?

I'm at the point where I do not know what to check next or whats causing this. Suggestions? please see the media below and let me know what you think.

Idle video
1900 RPM video (I think this tell most)
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I'm currently checking the oil pan for clues. When unscrewing the magnetic plug i came across this piece!.

How can it have jumped? is it safe to put it back or will it just loosen again? do I need to replace all parts including camshafts and rocker arms?